TY - JOUR
T1 - Sero-epidemiology of measles Immunoglobulin G antibodies among newborn from South East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa: an observational, multicentre study.
AU - Bokop, Carine
AU - Dhar, Nisha
AU - Izu, Alane
AU - Ali, Musa Mohammed
AU - Akaba, Godwin
AU - Barsosio, Hellen
AU - Berkley, James A.
AU - Beck, Manisha Madhai
AU - Chaka, Tolossa E.
AU - Cutland, Clare L.
AU - Dorji, Phurb
AU - Keita, Adama Mamby
AU - Lema, Feleke Belachew
AU - Medugu, Nubwa
AU - Mwarumba, Salim
AU - Mwakio, Stella
AU - Obaro, Stephen
AU - Olateju, Eyinade K.
AU - Sahni, Rani Diana
AU - Saha, Samir K.
AU - Santhanam, Sridhar
AU - Sharma, Ragunath
AU - Sigaúque, Betuel
AU - Simoes, Eric A.F.
AU - Sow, Samba O.
AU - Tapia, Milagritos D.
AU - Veeraraghavan, Balaji
AU - Madhi, Shabir A.
AU - Kwatra, Gaurav
PY - 2025/3/11
Y1 - 2025/3/11
N2 - ObjectivesTo investigate the transplacental acquisition of measles immunoglobulin (Ig)G in newborns at delivery in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Kenya, Nigeria, Mali, and South Africa.MethodsArchived cord serum, from a multicenter study on Group B Streptococcus, were tested for measles IgG using a commercial enzyme link immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We tested 323 randomly selected samples from each of the sites. Models using various measles antibody decay rates in infancy were explored.ResultsOverall, 2,907 cord serum samples were analyzed. At birth, 49.9% of newborns were measles IgG seronegative. Measles seronegativity ranged from 21.7% in Nigeria to 73.4% in Bhutan. The adjusted odds of seronegativity in infants of mothers born after measles vaccination implementation was 1.78 times that for infants born to unvaccinated mothers (adjusted odds ratio 1.78; 95% confidence interval 1.43-2.21; P <0.001). Modeling measles-IgG kinetics predicted that 70.8%, 88.3%, and 100% of infants would be seronegative by 2, 4, and 6 months, respectively, without further exposure.ConclusionsOur findings suggest low transplacental acquisition of measles IgG in newborns, which is likely to yield susceptibility to measles infection at a very young age. The currently recommended measles vaccine schedules in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with the first dose recommended from 9 months of age and onward, warrant reconsideration, including the need for earlier dosing schedules.
AB - ObjectivesTo investigate the transplacental acquisition of measles immunoglobulin (Ig)G in newborns at delivery in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Kenya, Nigeria, Mali, and South Africa.MethodsArchived cord serum, from a multicenter study on Group B Streptococcus, were tested for measles IgG using a commercial enzyme link immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We tested 323 randomly selected samples from each of the sites. Models using various measles antibody decay rates in infancy were explored.ResultsOverall, 2,907 cord serum samples were analyzed. At birth, 49.9% of newborns were measles IgG seronegative. Measles seronegativity ranged from 21.7% in Nigeria to 73.4% in Bhutan. The adjusted odds of seronegativity in infants of mothers born after measles vaccination implementation was 1.78 times that for infants born to unvaccinated mothers (adjusted odds ratio 1.78; 95% confidence interval 1.43-2.21; P <0.001). Modeling measles-IgG kinetics predicted that 70.8%, 88.3%, and 100% of infants would be seronegative by 2, 4, and 6 months, respectively, without further exposure.ConclusionsOur findings suggest low transplacental acquisition of measles IgG in newborns, which is likely to yield susceptibility to measles infection at a very young age. The currently recommended measles vaccine schedules in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with the first dose recommended from 9 months of age and onward, warrant reconsideration, including the need for earlier dosing schedules.
KW - Antibody decay
KW - Measles
KW - Passive immunity
KW - Sero-prevalence
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107882
DO - 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107882
M3 - Article
SN - 1201-9712
VL - 154
SP - 107882
JO - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
M1 - 107882
ER -
