TY - JOUR
T1 - Repellent and larvicidal properties of selected indigenous plants in the control of Anopheles mosquitoes
AU - Opoku-Bamfoh, Obadiah
AU - Kwarteng, Sandra Abankwa
AU - Owusu, Frema A.N.
AU - Akpanya, Raphael
AU - Mensah, Kelvin A.
AU - Badu, Mercy
AU - Gyamfi, Fred Y.
AU - Sogbo, Victoria
AU - Belford, Ebenezer J.D.
AU - Boakye, Abena
AU - Morrison, Henry Morgan
AU - Obuam, Patrick K.
AU - Coleman, Sylvester
PY - 2024/1/1
Y1 - 2024/1/1
N2 - Background & objectives: Widespread pyrethroid resistance and plastic-feeding behaviour of most malaria vectors across Africa threaten the efficacy of current insecticide-based vector control interventions like Insecticide-Treated Nets (ITNs) and Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS). This study examined the larvicidal activity ofMorinda citrifolia against Anopheles gambiae larvae and the repellent properties of Morinda citrifolia (Noni), Moringa oleifera (Moringa), and Ocimum basilicum (Basil) as complementary vector control tools against Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.). Methods: Noni, Basil, and Moringa oil extracts were obtained with the extraction techniques; Soxhlet, steam distillation and maceration respectively, using hexane and ethanol. The effectiveness of the extracts was assessed using the WHO standard larval susceptibility bioassay and guidelines for repellent efficacy. Following bioassays, effective doses (ED) and lethal concentrations (LC) were determined. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy analysis was performed to identify the bioactive chemical components of the extracts of Moringa oleifera and Ocimum basilicum. Results: Emulsified Morinda citrifolia seed oil had LC 50 =68.3, LC 90 =130.9 and LC 99.9 =222.5, and ED 99. 9 =308.3%v/v, the ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves had ED 99.9 = 1.25g/ml, and essential oil of Ocimum basilicum leaves had ED 99.9 =0.28g/ml against Anopheles gambiae. Interpretation conclusion: The results obtained indicated that seed oil of Morinda citrifolia, essential oil of Ocimum basilicum, and crude extract of Moringa oleifera have repellent activity against An. gambiae s.l. The complete protection time (CPT) of Morinda citrifolia, Moringa oleifera, and Ocimum basilicum was 120 min, 72 min and 84 min at ED 99.9 respectively. Morinda citrifolia oil exhibited larvicidal effects against the larvae of An. gambiae s.l. The results provide valuable information for the use of the plants as biocides.
AB - Background & objectives: Widespread pyrethroid resistance and plastic-feeding behaviour of most malaria vectors across Africa threaten the efficacy of current insecticide-based vector control interventions like Insecticide-Treated Nets (ITNs) and Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS). This study examined the larvicidal activity ofMorinda citrifolia against Anopheles gambiae larvae and the repellent properties of Morinda citrifolia (Noni), Moringa oleifera (Moringa), and Ocimum basilicum (Basil) as complementary vector control tools against Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.). Methods: Noni, Basil, and Moringa oil extracts were obtained with the extraction techniques; Soxhlet, steam distillation and maceration respectively, using hexane and ethanol. The effectiveness of the extracts was assessed using the WHO standard larval susceptibility bioassay and guidelines for repellent efficacy. Following bioassays, effective doses (ED) and lethal concentrations (LC) were determined. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy analysis was performed to identify the bioactive chemical components of the extracts of Moringa oleifera and Ocimum basilicum. Results: Emulsified Morinda citrifolia seed oil had LC 50 =68.3, LC 90 =130.9 and LC 99.9 =222.5, and ED 99. 9 =308.3%v/v, the ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves had ED 99.9 = 1.25g/ml, and essential oil of Ocimum basilicum leaves had ED 99.9 =0.28g/ml against Anopheles gambiae. Interpretation conclusion: The results obtained indicated that seed oil of Morinda citrifolia, essential oil of Ocimum basilicum, and crude extract of Moringa oleifera have repellent activity against An. gambiae s.l. The complete protection time (CPT) of Morinda citrifolia, Moringa oleifera, and Ocimum basilicum was 120 min, 72 min and 84 min at ED 99.9 respectively. Morinda citrifolia oil exhibited larvicidal effects against the larvae of An. gambiae s.l. The results provide valuable information for the use of the plants as biocides.
KW - Anopheles
KW - larvicidal
KW - Morinda citrifolia
KW - Moringa oleifera
KW - Ocimum basilicum
KW - Repellent
U2 - 10.4103/0972-9062.392267
DO - 10.4103/0972-9062.392267
M3 - Article
SN - 0972-9062
VL - 61
SP - 90
EP - 100
JO - Journal of Vector Borne Diseases
JF - Journal of Vector Borne Diseases
IS - 1
ER -
