TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence and Associated Factors of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Among Adults in Neno District, Malawi: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
AU - Zaniku, Haules Robbins
AU - Connolly, Emilia
AU - Aron, Moses Banda
AU - Matanje, Beatrice Lydia
AU - Ndambo, Myness Kasanda
AU - Talama, George Complex
AU - Munyaneza, Fabien
AU - Ruderman, Todd
AU - Rylance, Jamie
AU - Dullie, Luckson Wandani
AU - Lalitha, Rejani
AU - Banda, Ndaziona Peter Kwanjo
AU - Muula, Adamson S.
PY - 2024/2/5
Y1 - 2024/2/5
N2 - IntroductionChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continues to pose a global public health challenge. However, literature is scarce on the burden of COPD in Malawi. We assessed the prevalence and risk factors for COPD among adults in Neno, Malawi.MethodologyWe conducted a population-based analytical cross-sectional study in Neno District between December 2021 and November 2022. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, we included 525 adults aged≥40 years. All participants underwent spirometry according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines and were interviewed using the IMPALA questionnaire. For this study, we utilized the definition of COPD as a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ResultsOut of 525 participants, 510 participants were included in the final analysis. Fifty-eight percent of the participants were females (n=296), and 62.2% (n=317) were between 40 and 49 years with a median (IQR) age of 46 (40-86). For patient characteristics, 15.1% (n=77) were current smokers, and 4.1% (n=21) had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Cough was the most commonly reported respiratory symptom (n=249, 48.8%). The prevalence of COPD was 10.0% (n=51) and higher (15.0%) among males compared to females (6.4%). Factors significantly associated with COPD were age 60 years and above (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.48-7.34, pConclusionThe cross-sectional prevalence of COPD in rural Malawi is high, especially among males. Factors significantly associated were older age (60 years and above), cigarette smoking, and previous PTB. Longitudinal studies are needed to better understand disease etiology and progression in this setting.
AB - IntroductionChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continues to pose a global public health challenge. However, literature is scarce on the burden of COPD in Malawi. We assessed the prevalence and risk factors for COPD among adults in Neno, Malawi.MethodologyWe conducted a population-based analytical cross-sectional study in Neno District between December 2021 and November 2022. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, we included 525 adults aged≥40 years. All participants underwent spirometry according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines and were interviewed using the IMPALA questionnaire. For this study, we utilized the definition of COPD as a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ResultsOut of 525 participants, 510 participants were included in the final analysis. Fifty-eight percent of the participants were females (n=296), and 62.2% (n=317) were between 40 and 49 years with a median (IQR) age of 46 (40-86). For patient characteristics, 15.1% (n=77) were current smokers, and 4.1% (n=21) had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Cough was the most commonly reported respiratory symptom (n=249, 48.8%). The prevalence of COPD was 10.0% (n=51) and higher (15.0%) among males compared to females (6.4%). Factors significantly associated with COPD were age 60 years and above (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.48-7.34, pConclusionThe cross-sectional prevalence of COPD in rural Malawi is high, especially among males. Factors significantly associated were older age (60 years and above), cigarette smoking, and previous PTB. Longitudinal studies are needed to better understand disease etiology and progression in this setting.
KW - associated factors
KW - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
KW - Malawi
KW - prevalence
KW - spirometry
U2 - 10.2147/copd.s444378
DO - 10.2147/copd.s444378
M3 - Article
SN - 1176-9106
VL - 19
SP - 389
EP - 401
JO - International Journal of COPD
JF - International Journal of COPD
ER -
