TY - JOUR
T1 - Independent lineages of highly sulfadoxine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum haplotypes, Eastern Africa
AU - Taylor, Steve M.
AU - Antonia, Alejandro L.
AU - Harrington, Whitney E.
AU - Goheen, Morgan M.
AU - Mwapasa, Victor
AU - Chaluluka, Ebbie
AU - Fried, Michal
AU - Kabyemela, Edward
AU - Madanitsa, Mwayi
AU - Khairallah, Carole
AU - Kalilani-Phiri, Linda
AU - Tshefu, Antoinette K.
AU - Rogerson, Stephen J.
AU - Ter Kuile, Feiko
AU - Duffy, Patrick E.
AU - Meshnick, Steven R.
PY - 2014/7/1
Y1 - 2014/7/1
N2 - Sulfadoxine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum undermines malaria prevention with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine. Parasites with a highly resistant mutant dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) haplotype have recently emerged in eastern Africa; they negated preventive benefits of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine, and might exacerbate placental malaria. We explored emerging lineages of dhps mutant haplotypes in Malawi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Tanzania by using analyses of genetic microsatellites flanking the dhps locus. In Malawi, a triple-mutant dhps SGEG (mutant amino acids are underlined) haplotype emerged in 2010 that was closely related to pre-existing double-mutant SGEA haplotypes, suggesting local origination in Malawi. When we compared mutant strains with parasites from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tanzania by multiple independent analyses, we found that SGEG parasites were partitioned into separate lineages by country. These findings support a model of local origination of SGEG dhps haplotypes, rather than geographic diffusion, and have implications for investigations of emergence and effects of parasite drug resistance.
AB - Sulfadoxine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum undermines malaria prevention with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine. Parasites with a highly resistant mutant dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) haplotype have recently emerged in eastern Africa; they negated preventive benefits of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine, and might exacerbate placental malaria. We explored emerging lineages of dhps mutant haplotypes in Malawi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Tanzania by using analyses of genetic microsatellites flanking the dhps locus. In Malawi, a triple-mutant dhps SGEG (mutant amino acids are underlined) haplotype emerged in 2010 that was closely related to pre-existing double-mutant SGEA haplotypes, suggesting local origination in Malawi. When we compared mutant strains with parasites from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tanzania by multiple independent analyses, we found that SGEG parasites were partitioned into separate lineages by country. These findings support a model of local origination of SGEG dhps haplotypes, rather than geographic diffusion, and have implications for investigations of emergence and effects of parasite drug resistance.
U2 - 10.3201/eid2007.131720
DO - 10.3201/eid2007.131720
M3 - Article
SN - 1080-6040
VL - 20
SP - 1140
EP - 1148
JO - Emerging Infectious Diseases
JF - Emerging Infectious Diseases
IS - 7
ER -
