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Cohort Profile: Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study

  • Andre F.S. Amaral
  • , James Potts
  • , Ben Knox-Brown
  • , Emmanouil Bagkeris
  • , Imed Harrabi
  • , Hamid Hacene Cherkaski
  • , Dhiraj Agarwal
  • , Sanjay Juvekar
  • , Mahesh Padukudru Anand
  • , Thorarinn Gislason
  • , Asaad Ahmed Nafees
  • , Kevin Mortimer
  • , Christer Janson
  • , Li Cher Loh
  • , Stefanni Nonna Paraguas
  • , Meriam Denguezli
  • , Mohammed Al Ghobain
  • , David Mannino
  • , Martin Njoroge
  • , Graham Devereux
  • Terence Seemungal, Cristina Barbara, Ali Kocabaş, Rana Ahmed, Althea Aquart-Stewart, Michael Studnicka, Tobias Welte, Wan C. Tan, Richard N. Van Zyl-Smit, Parvaiz Koul, Vanessa Garcia-Larsen, Cosetta Minelli, A. Sonia Buist, Peter Burney
  • Imperial College London
  • NIHR Imperial Clinical Research Facility and NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre
  • University of Sousse
  • Badji Mokhtar University
  • KEM Hospital
  • JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research
  • University of Iceland
  • Landspitali University Hospital
  • Aga Khan University
  • University of Cambridge
  • Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
  • Uppsala University
  • Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
  • Philippine College of Chest Physicians
  • King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
  • University of Kentucky
  • COPD Foundation
  • University of York
  • The University of the West Indies
  • University of Lisbon
  • Çukuova University
  • Epidemiological Laboratory
  • Paracelsus Private Medical University
  • Hannover Medical School
  • University of British Columbia
  • University of Cape Town
  • Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences
  • Johns Hopkins University
  • Oregon Health and Science University

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

19 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study was established to assess the prevalence of chronic airflow obstruction, a key characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and its risk factors in adults (≥40 years) from general populations across the world.

The baseline study was conducted between 2003 and 2016, in 41 sites across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, the Caribbean and Oceania, and collected high-quality pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry from 28 828 participants.

The follow-up study was conducted between 2019 and 2021, in 18 sites across Africa, Asia, Europe and the Caribbean. At baseline, there were in these sites 12 502 participants with high-quality spirometry. A total of 6452 were followed up, with 5936 completing the study core questionnaire. Of these, 4044 also provided high-quality pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry.

On both occasions, the core questionnaire covered information on respiratory symptoms, doctor diagnoses, health care use, medication use and ealth status, as well as potential risk factors. Information on occupation, environmental exposures and diet was also collected.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)e364-e373
JournalInternational Journal of Epidemiology
Volume52
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 20 Oct 2023

Keywords

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • global health
  • non-communicable respiratory disease

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